A substantial number of CLABSIs are primarily in hemodialysis units and Intensive Care Units (ICUs) resulting in elongated hospital stays, additional hospital stays, and a mortality rate from 12% to 25% (Vital signs, 2011). These adverse events are a critical problem in health care causing affecting 5% of all hospitalized patients each year in the United States (Vital signs, 2011). The infection may not be related to any other infections they have had growing or on admission (Vital signs, 2011). The CDC defines a CLABSI as a positive single blood culture for organisms not common to the skin or two positive blood cultures for organisms commonly on the skin, when a patient has a central line at the time of infection or within the 48-hour period before. More specifically central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSIs) are the most costly at $45,814 per event and represent about 18.9% of the overall problem, resulting in an estimated 1.8 billion in costs. These preventable events can cause great harm to patients and associated with high costs. Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) account for an estimated 10 billion dollars in to the United States health-care system (Zimlichman et al., 2013).
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